Union County Demographics

A map of Union County's Population by Race

Union County, New Mexico has an estimated population of 4,013, a slight decrease from the 4,079 recorded in the 2020 Census. The population is 53.3% White, 40.1% Hispanic, 2.8% Multiracial, 2.7% Native American/Other, 1.1% Black, and 0.0% Asian. This demographic dot map shows the population of Union County, with one dot drawn for each person counted by the Census, color-coded by race.

Union has become slightly more racially diverse since the 2020 Census. It is considerably less diverse than New Mexico overall. Demographers use a diversity index to measure the probability that two randomly selected individuals belong to different racial or ethnic groups. In Union County, that probability was 54.6% in 2020 and 55.3% in the most recent ACS estimates.

Union County is ranked the 30th most populous county in New Mexico, out of 33 counties. Union County was ranked the 30th most populous county in the 2020 Census.

Union County's White Population

2,140 residents of Union County, or 53.3% of the population, identify as White. The share of White residents in Union County is significantly higher than in New Mexico overall, where 36% of the population is White. Union County ranks 6th statewide in terms of White residents as a share of the population, out of 33 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Union County's White population has declined by an estimated 4.2%. White residents' share of Union County's population has decreased from 54.8% to 53.3%.

Union County is more White than neighboring Harding County (47.5% White), and Dallam County (40.8% White). Union County is less White than neighboring Cimarron County (66.4% White), Las Animas County (54.2% White), and Hartley County (56.5% White).

Union County's Black Population

43 residents of Union County, or 1.1% of the population, identify as Black. The share of Black residents in Union County is comparable to the share in New Mexico overall, where 1.8% of the population is Black. Union County ranks 7th statewide in terms of Black residents as a share of the population, out of 33 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Union County's Black population has declined by an estimated 33.8%. Black residents' share of Union County's population has decreased from 1.6% to 1.1%.

Union County is more Black than neighboring Dallam County (0.2% Black), and Cimarron County (0% Black). Union County is less Black than neighboring Harding County (1.8% Black), Las Animas County (1.6% Black), and Hartley County (6% Black).

Union County's Asian Population

0 residents of Union County, or 0.0% of the population, identify as Asian. The share of Asian residents in Union County is comparable to the share in New Mexico overall, where 1.6% of the population is Asian. Union County ranks 32nd statewide in terms of Asian residents as a share of the population, out of 33 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Union County's Asian population has declined by an estimated 100.0%. Asian residents' share of Union County's population has remained roughly unchanged at 0.0%.

Union County is less Asian than neighboring Las Animas County (1.3% Asian), and Hartley County (0.2% Asian).

Union County's Hispanic Population

1,609 residents of Union County, or 40.1% of the population, identify as Hispanic. The share of Hispanic residents in Union County is lower than in New Mexico overall, where 48.4% of the population is Hispanic. Union County ranks 23rd statewide in terms of Hispanic residents as a share of the population, out of 33 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Union County's Hispanic population has remained roughly the same. Hispanic residents' share of Union County's population has increased from 39.1% to 40.1%.

Union County is more Hispanic than neighboring Harding County (36.4% Hispanic), Cimarron County (25.3% Hispanic), Las Animas County (38.8% Hispanic), and Hartley County (31.2% Hispanic). Union County is less Hispanic than neighboring Dallam County (54.3% Hispanic).

Union County's Native American/Other Population

110 residents of Union County, or 2.7% of the population, identify as American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander/Other. The share of Native American/Other residents in Union County is lower than in New Mexico overall, where 9% of the population is Native American/Other. Union County ranks 15th statewide in terms of Native American/Other residents as a share of the population, out of 33 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Union County's Native American/Other population has grown by an estimated 44.7%. Native American/Other residents' share of Union County's population has increased from 1.9% to 2.7%.

Union County is more Native American/Other than neighboring Dallam County (1.2% Native American/Other), Cimarron County (0.5% Native American/Other), Las Animas County (1.3% Native American/Other), and Hartley County (0.4% Native American/Other). Union County is less Native American/Other than neighboring Harding County (11.6% Native American/Other).

Union County's Multiracial Population

111 residents of Union County, or 2.8% of the population, identify as Multiracial. The share of Multiracial residents in Union County is comparable to the share in New Mexico overall, where 3.1% of the population is Multiracial. Union County ranks 20th statewide in terms of Multiracial residents as a share of the population, out of 33 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Union County's Multiracial population has grown by an estimated 8.8%. Multiracial residents' share of Union County's population has remained roughly unchanged at 2.8%.

Union County is more Multiracial than neighboring Harding County (2.7% Multiracial). Union County is less Multiracial than neighboring Dallam County (3.4% Multiracial), Cimarron County (7.8% Multiracial), Las Animas County (2.9% Multiracial), and Hartley County (5.7% Multiracial).

Sources: Most recent population estimates are from the 2020-2024 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. 2020 population counts and map data are from 2020 Census State Redistricting Data. Geographic data are from Census TIGER/Line Shapefiles.