Madison County Demographics

A map of Madison County's Population by Race

Race	2024 Pop	2020 Pop	2024 %	2020 %
White	216,149	213,793	81.8%	80.4%
Black	20,255	24,671	7.7%	9.3%
Multiracial	13,303	12,404	5.0%	4.7%
Hispanic	11,399	10,797	4.3%	4.1%
Asian	2,243	2,718	0.8%	1.0%
Native American/Other	889	1,476	0.3%	0.6%

Madison County, Illinois has an estimated population of 264,238, a less than 1% change from the 265,859 recorded in the 2020 Census. The population is 81.8% White, 7.7% Black, 5.0% Multiracial, 4.3% Hispanic, 0.8% Asian, and 0.3% Native American/Other. This demographic dot map shows the population of Madison County, with one dot drawn for each person counted by the Census, color-coded by race.

Madison has become less racially diverse since the 2020 Census. It is considerably less diverse than Illinois overall. Demographers use a diversity index to measure the probability that two randomly selected individuals belong to different racial or ethnic groups. In Madison County, that probability was 34.1% in 2020 and 32.0% in the most recent ACS estimates.

Madison County is ranked the 8th most populous county in Illinois, out of 102 counties. Madison County was ranked the 8th most populous county in the 2020 Census.

Madison County's White Population

216,149 residents of Madison County, or 81.8% of the population, identify as White. The share of White residents in Madison County is significantly higher than in Illinois overall, where 58.1% of the population is White. Madison County ranks 75th statewide in terms of White residents as a share of the population, out of 102 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Madison County's White population has grown by an estimated 1.1%. White residents' share of Madison County's population has increased from 80.4% to 81.8%.

Madison County is more White than neighboring St. Clair County (59.1% White), and St. Louis County (44.4% White). Madison County is less White than neighboring Macoupin County (93.5% White), Bond County (85.9% White), and Jersey County (94.6% White).

Madison County's Black Population

20,255 residents of Madison County, or 7.7% of the population, identify as Black. The share of Black residents in Madison County is lower than in Illinois overall, where 13.3% of the population is Black. Madison County ranks 18th statewide in terms of Black residents as a share of the population, out of 102 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Madison County's Black population has declined by an estimated 17.9%. Black residents' share of Madison County's population has decreased from 9.3% to 7.7%.

Madison County is more Black than neighboring Macoupin County (1.5% Black), Bond County (6.1% Black), and Jersey County (0.6% Black). Madison County is less Black than neighboring St. Clair County (27.7% Black), and St. Louis County (42.1% Black).

Madison County's Asian Population

2,243 residents of Madison County, or 0.8% of the population, identify as Asian. The share of Asian residents in Madison County is lower than in Illinois overall, where 5.9% of the population is Asian. Madison County ranks 24th statewide in terms of Asian residents as a share of the population, out of 102 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Madison County's Asian population has declined by an estimated 17.5%. Asian residents' share of Madison County's population has remained roughly unchanged at 0.8%.

Madison County is more Asian than neighboring Macoupin County (0.3% Asian), Bond County (0.6% Asian), and Jersey County (0.7% Asian). Madison County is less Asian than neighboring St. Clair County (1.6% Asian), and St. Louis County (3.5% Asian).

Madison County's Hispanic Population

11,399 residents of Madison County, or 4.3% of the population, identify as Hispanic. The share of Hispanic residents in Madison County is considerably lower than in Illinois overall, where 18.8% of the population is Hispanic. Madison County ranks 39th statewide in terms of Hispanic residents as a share of the population, out of 102 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Madison County's Hispanic population has grown by an estimated 5.6%. Hispanic residents' share of Madison County's population has remained roughly unchanged at 4.3%.

Madison County is more Hispanic than neighboring Macoupin County (1.4% Hispanic), Bond County (2% Hispanic), and Jersey County (1.6% Hispanic). Madison County is less Hispanic than neighboring St. Clair County (5.1% Hispanic), and St. Louis County (5.3% Hispanic).

Madison County's Native American/Other Population

889 residents of Madison County, or 0.3% of the population, identify as American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander/Other. The share of Native American/Other residents in Madison County is comparable to the share in Illinois overall, where 0.5% of the population is Native American/Other. Madison County ranks 19th statewide in terms of Native American/Other residents as a share of the population, out of 102 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Madison County's Native American/Other population has declined by an estimated 39.8%. Native American/Other residents' share of Madison County's population has remained roughly unchanged at 0.3%.

Madison County is more Native American/Other than neighboring Jersey County (0.2% Native American/Other). Madison County is less Native American/Other than neighboring St. Clair County (0.7% Native American/Other), St. Louis County (0.6% Native American/Other), and Bond County (1.2% Native American/Other).

Madison County's Multiracial Population

13,303 residents of Madison County, or 5.0% of the population, identify as Multiracial. The share of Multiracial residents in Madison County is comparable to the share in Illinois overall, where 3.4% of the population is Multiracial. Madison County ranks 12th statewide in terms of Multiracial residents as a share of the population, out of 102 counties.

Since the 2020 Census, Madison County's Multiracial population has grown by an estimated 7.2%. Multiracial residents' share of Madison County's population has remained roughly unchanged at 5.0%.

Madison County is more Multiracial than neighboring St. Louis County (4% Multiracial), Macoupin County (3% Multiracial), Bond County (4.2% Multiracial), and Jersey County (2.4% Multiracial). Madison County is less Multiracial than neighboring St. Clair County (5.8% Multiracial).

Sources: Most recent population estimates are from the 2020-2024 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. 2020 population counts and map data are from 2020 Census State Redistricting Data. Geographic data are from Census TIGER/Line Shapefiles.